(一) 同义反译法

例子：

1. Only three customers remained in the bar.

酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。(不译：「还留着」或「还呆在那里」)

2. I'll be here for good this time.

这一次我再也不走了。(不译：「永远在此呆下去」)

3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.

我不在家的时候，请别让炉子灭了。(不译：「我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着」)

4. "Wait, he is serious."

「等等，他不是说着玩儿的。」(不译：「等等，他是认真的。」)

5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"

「听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。」(不译：「……对这孩子要坚定」)

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(二) 删减解释词

例子：

The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.

到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，准定会注意到她们十之八九都赋有那种独特的优雅风度、那种柔和的声调和文静的举止。

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(三) 短句拆译

例子：

" ...on one sunshiny morning in June , ..."

「在六月里的一天早上，天气晴朗，……」

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(四) 译词推陈出新

例子：

When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary fears of a lower.

原译：当他可以大胆行动的时候，他发现自己除了一个情人所具有的那种普通的害怕之外，心里还充满怀疑、顾虑和踌躇。

改译：等到他不妨放胆去追求的时候，他却迟疑不定，顾虑重重。至于一般堕入情网的人那种种常有的提心吊胆的心理，那就更是难免的了。

原词 原译 改译

  

when 当……的时候 等到……的时候

  

act with boldness 大胆行动 放胆去追求

  

a lover 一个情人 一般堕入情网的人

  

ordinary fears 普通的害怕 种种常有的提心吊胆的心理

  

in addition to 除了……之外 那就更是难免的了

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(五) 解释性添词

例子：

"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.

「乔治，我真替你害臊﹗乔治，想不到你会干出这种事情来﹗俗话说得好：『滚着的碌碡不长苔，流浪的汉子不攒财。』我早晓得你就是这么一个流浪汉﹗可真没有想到你连贝格纳特和孩子们靠它过活的那一点点财也骗走，」贝格纳特太太说道。

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(六) 词无定译

例子：

It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditions.

我们根本不必追问政府是否根据刑法或民法对范德比尔特提出起诉。范德比尔特不仅逍遥法外，而且在两年后又以极其凶狠的手段对政府进行弓一次巨大的诈骗。

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(七) 精炼译词

例子：

A new dignity crept into his walk.

原译：走路的姿态不知甚么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。

改译：走起路来，不觉平添了几分尊严。

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(八) 删削"When"字

例子

1. When he saw me, he was startled.

他看见我，吓了一大跳，(不译：当他看见我的时候，……)

2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?"

「你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心，你还拿鞭子没头没脑的抽，把她们打得死去活来，那有甚么用呢？」(不译：当你那些女黑奴哭得那么伤心的时候，你还拿鞭子……)

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(九) 感叹词的不同译法

例子：

1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want them!"

"Why, Eva, your room is full now."

「嗐，妈妈，别这样﹗我喜欢这些花，把花给我吧，我要﹗」

「得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都满了。」

2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"

「哟，真是怪事﹗」玛利说，「你干嘛非要这个不可？」

3. ("...Haley, if you had any conscience.")

"Well, I've got just as much conscience as any man in business can afford to keep - just a little, you know, to swaer by, as were," said the trader, jocularly; ...

"Well, then, Haley, how will you trade?" said Mr. Shelby, after an uneasy interval of silence.

(「……哈利，你要是有良心的话。」)

「得，干这行当儿的人能有多少良心，我也有多少良心——瞧，我的良心就这么一丁点儿，够拿出来起誓就得，」奴隶贩子开着玩笑说；……

「那好，哈利，这桩买卖你打算怎么个做法？」谢尔比先生在一阵令人发窘的沉默之后问道。

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(十) 顺拆法

例子：

His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, social and demographic factors.

原译：他的代表团同意执行主任关于该基金会应继续为更好地了解经济、社会和人口的相互关系而努力的意见。

改译：他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，/认为该基金会应继续努力，/ 以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互关系。

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(十一) 倒拆法

例子：

To him there is something divine/ in the sympathetic indulgence she substitute / for the angry disgust/ with which one of his own country women resent his supposed condition.

要是一个英国女人看到他真像他自己所假定的那么烂醉，/ 她就会对他又恼怒，又厌恶，/ 而挪拉对他却又同情又宽容，/ 他在这中间看出了一点神圣的质量。

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(十二) 抽词拆句法

例子：

All the way along the line, from the border right up to Peking, as far as the eye could see, the countryside was literally covered up with a green carpet of growing crops, holding a promise of bumper harvests.

从边境到北京，一路上沿铁路线极目纵观，但见农村到处是茁壮的庄稼，彷佛铺上一块绿地毯，这说明丰收在望了。

1.  中国学生很灵，一挥而就，洋教师阅后，评出最佳作文一篇，学生们听后大为不解，这种通篇说谎的文章怎么能被评为“最佳”？  

His  Chinese  students,  quick  at  writing,  finished  the  homework  at  one  go  and  turned  it  in  in  no  time  /  at  once.  

He  went  through  the  papers  and  picked  the  one  that  he  thought  the  best.  

When  he  read  it  out  to  the  students,  they  were  greatly  perplexed/  at  loss.  

Of  all  the  comments,  why  did  he  like  this  one  best?  

2.  20世纪上半叶的上海，曾经是中国工业、贸易、金融和商业的中心，有着远东大都市神奇的历史，吸引过不少外来资本，因而一度成为冒险家的乐园。  

In  the  first  half  of  the  20th  century  /  last  century,  Shanghai  was/served  as  the  industrial,  trading,  financial  and  commercial  center  of  the  country.  

It  attracted  many  foreign  investors  as  a  mysterious  Asian/Oriental  metropolis  and  an  adventurers’  paradise.  

3.  长城，东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横跨中国北部七个省、自治区，全长六千多公里，号称万里长城，是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶，是世界伟大的建筑奇迹之一。  

Starting  at  Shanhai  Pass  in  the  east  and  ending  up  at  Jiayu  Pass  in  the  west,  the  Great  Wall  traverses,  up  and  down,  over  numerous  mountains  and  valleys  in  China’s  five  northern  provinces  and  two  autonomous  regions.  

As  it  extends  over  a  distance  of  more  than  6,000kms,  it  is  called  in  Chinese  the  Wanlichangcheng,  which  means  “Ten  Thousand  Li  Long  Wall”.  

It  is  a  symbol  of  intelligence  of  the  working  people  in  ancient  times  and  also  one  of  the  great  architectural  wonders/miracles  in  the  world.  

4.  东方明珠广播电视塔位于黄浦江畔，浦东陆家嘴嘴尖上，塔高468米，三面环水，与外滩的万国建筑博览群隔江相望，是亚洲第一，世界第三的高塔。  

The  Oriental  Pearl  Radio  and  Television  Tower  stands  on  the  Huangpu  River  and  at  the  point  of  Lujiazui.  

Surrounded  by  waters  on  three  sides  and  facing  a  row  of  buildings  of  variegated  western  architectures  in  the  Bund  across  the  river,  the  468-meter-tall  tower  ranks  first  in  Asia  and  third  in  the  world.  

5.  许多人在青年时代并没有多少出众之处，可后来都为国家做出了重大贡献。  

Many  people  who  had  few  advantages  in  their  youth  have  made  great  contributions  to  their  country.  

6.  目前下岗职工重新安排工作还有一定困难，具有高新技术的劳动力同样感到不足。  

For  the  time  being  /  At  present,  we  still  have  some  difficulties  in  the  replacement  of  laid-off  workers,  in  addition  to  a  shortage  of  high-tech  labor  force.  

7.  现在最大的问题就是日本的某些军国主义分子违背本国人民的意志，妄图掩盖侵华战争中“南京大屠杀”的滔天罪行。  

The  biggest  issue  is  that  some  of  the  militarists  in  Japan,  in  defiance  of  the  will  of  the  Japanese  people,  are  trying  in  vain  to  cover  up  the  towering  crimes  of  the  bloody  “Nanjing  Massacre”  during  Japan’s  aggression  against  China.  

8.  台湾新领导人应审时度势，顺应时代潮流，放弃分裂道路，选择光明的统一之路。  

The  new  so-called  “president”  of  Taiwan  should  consider  the  situation,  conform  to  the  historical  trend  of  the  times,  abandon  their  separatist  path,  and  take  the  brighter  road  that  leads  to  the  peaceful  reunification  of  the  motherland.